In this study, field configurations are in every sense locked to the field's orientation, just as their position and motion is related to field surfaces.  But to make this assertion, the observer must establish the field's null rest and absolute orientation.  This of course may be done by convention.  For one, we may say that the mean or average motion of surfaces represents null rest.  And, as far as orientation goes, we may establish a family of nearly flat and nearly parallel surfaces (intersections permitted) pointing in a certain direction which we arbitrarily label.
    This family of surfaces (shown on edge as lines) in the illustration to the left, the surfaces are shown as being stationary (null rest)  with a simple wave moving through towards the right.
    By these conventions, we may say that the top frame of this image is UP and that the image frame represents rest.  Of course, there are other directional combinations.

    Since surfaces have no volume, they have no substance or structure, and as such, they have no mass.  A single surface exerts no impulse against itself if caused to move laterally.  If it were possible to whip a surface back and forth, at even extreme distances, there would be no impediment to this action in free space.  In free space, any finite swinging would produce a motion of infinite speed an infinite distances away.
    If a simple wave was moving through the field at a speed relative to the field's null rest, at virtually every and any given moment, that wave will involve two or more surfaces simultaneously.  Remember, in making this statement, motion is not smooth, but rather discontinuous jumps in change of position, only observable as change in coincidence to non-coincidence, or visa-versa, at any point location on any given form relative to another point location on another form, or the same form.
    Simultaneity is allowed in this model since time is not intrinsic to Being and surfaces, points and lines;  the concepts of before NOW (the Past) and after NOW (the Future) are not fundamentally evident.
    From the study of system stress, two surfaces in close proximity will tend to align themselves with each other and move closer together.  A radial array moving through the field (field at rest), or the field moving through the radial array (array at rest) will interact with the approaching field surfaces (frontals) and with the departing field surfaces (also referred to as frontals).  The approaching field surfaces will bend towards the array as they conform themselves to the array's surfaces (radials) because of these behaviors.
    The amount of bending reaches a proportional limit to the ratio of the surface density at the array's core to that of the ambient field.
    This is purely a geometric process occurring as a sequence of discrete conditions and is in no way directly affected by the relative speed between the array and the field.
    One can readily surmize that the density of the field declines as its respective surfaces (frontals) are ushered from their normal condition, just preceding the approaching array, into its interior, leaving this region somewhat depleted of surfaces, the surfaces displaced to the interior of the array making up the difference.
    Once conformed this way, further conformation is attenuated being that there is little difference in the direction and curvature between the array's radials and the passing frontals.
    In a sense the passing frontals have been captured by the array, and are unable to move further, having no intrinsic momentum, and their movement not so much the motion of the array passing by them, but a faster backwards motion caused by the process of conformation.
    One may view this process in three regions.
    At the interior, as described, we have frontals (ordinary ambient field surfaces) which have been drawn backwards against the direction of the moving array and which are moving through the passing radials.  Far distant from here, we have a third region where both frontals and radials are indistinguishable from the ambient field surfaces, all being the same and with virtually no relative motions against each other associated with the array's motion through the field.  In between these two is an intermediate region, a mixture of clearly distinguishable radials, frontals and ambient field surfaces, and it is here the most significant actions occur.
    In this region, surfaces are nearly aligned and parallel.  The radials are returning themselves as ambient field surfaces, as they once were, and frontals are becoming radials, when once they too were ambient field surfaces, long prior to the arrival of the array in their vicinity of the field.
    To either side of this region, motion is dissimilar:  general at rest in the the exterior region and in the interior region there is a movement of surfaces associated with frontals backwards against the array's forward motion through the field and a movement forward of the array's radials.  This causes surfaces to collide, such that IDDI drives them together; the backward moving frontals moving even more backwards than what would otherwise be provided by the now negligible process of conformation, and the forward moving radials driven more forward than otherwise.  This assures two things, a continuous impulse driving frontals through the array, and a continuous impulse keeping radials moving forward.
    It is this overall process which provides momentum to all radial arrays, such momentum being in fixed relationship to the field itself in terms of direction, orientation and null rest.
    Given that a radial array comprising two counterrotatings simple field waves (photons) represents a neutral quark and that an ISS, a charged quark consisting of one photon, all bear this geometric momentum, one would expect that all ponderable objects, such as the earth, comprising many orders of quantum chromatic compatible quarks, would also demonstrate geometric momentum.  In light of the fact that all as well demonstrate forces-at-a-distance corresponding to the nuclear-gravitational force continuum, mass and weight are in direct correlation.

    Once this process was fully understood, as well as its implications, the notion of mass, inertia, momentum and relativistic mass increase, required inquiry.  Since the number of surfaces thought to be captive to a dual-wave configuration should be of constant value within a field of constant density, and since the mass of a dual-wave configuration (as a neutral quark) should closely relate to its real-world counterpart, the effective mass of a single surface in association to this field configuration can be estimated:
    Given that the neutron's mass is 939.553 x 10⁶ electron volts (EV), and that it comprises 6 x 10¹⁰ surfaces, the effective mass per surface is,

    Surface mass = 939.553 x 10⁶ EV / 6 x 10¹⁰ = 1.6 x 10^-2 EV.

    This is not relativistic mass, but mass equated to a three-dimensional system without time, and though surfaces bear no intrinsic mass, in conjunction with a field array caused to undergo motion within the field, the number of surfaces associated to a field array would at least be directly proportional to the mass effect.  In the case of a photon (akin to a simple field wave which moves with an unaltered speed throughout the field, but with directional variation),  moving from surface to surface as it propagates through the field, it would spend part of its time on one surface and part of its time on two.  One might say that the average is 1.5 surfaces, giving the photon an average mass of .024 EV, though it is currently recognized as not having any mass.

    In the adjoining illustration, we see the approach of an ambient field surface (dashed) approaching (positions A,  B and C), passing through (C, D and E) and leaving the earth (E and F).  The behavior, based on geometric relationships, of this surface is typical of all ambient field surfaces passing through the earth;  only one of many being shown.  Now, initially at some great range from the earth, the field surface will not be bent inward towards earth, but progressively, as it draws nearer, it becomes more and more bent, as at positions B and C.
     [Remember, the lines you are seeing, are surfaces where they cut through the plane of the paper (raster), and not lines.  You must imagine a three-dimensional volumetric region where within, this is all happening.  If one were to draw many, many surfaces in perspective, instead of lines, we would have visual confusion, so these illustrations are normally limited to lines.]
    Any surfaces deemed as being part of earth, must be bent in a fashion conforming them to the general shape of all surfaces passing through it.  This is a dynamic process, where approaching surfaces begin to match the surface contours of those surfaces belonging to earth array, and then as they leave, they reconform to the general contours of ambient field surfaces.
    The whole process is purely geometrical.  As surfaces draw closer and closer, they continually impinge on surfaces ahead, undergo interchange (50% of the time), which tends to draw them closer together and more parallel (because of IDDI).  Then, as these surfaces sequence themselves through the earth, they progressively assume the average of field surface contours encountered, thereby reconforming to the isotropic field of surfaces surrounding any moving object, such as the earth.
    The explicit mechanism causing relativistic mass increase of any material object, be it earth or neutron, is the conformation of ambient field surfaces as they approach and pass through an object moving through the field.
    Any two surfaces which bump into each other tend to drive both surfaces closer together, as the result of IDDI, leaving them in a compromised position, much like an average position of both.  In passing through many surfaces which might belong to a radial array, a single surface will always yield more and more of its original contour to the perponderance of all the other surfaces.  Being outnumbered in this process, the single ambient field surface passing through, will hardly affect the individual countours of the group, yet in itself, undergoing significant change.  In otherwords, it conforms to the group.

    The process of IDDI, as a process, rather than an instantaneous event, requires a duration to complete itself.   This, in combination to the understanding that the rate or frequency of surface collisions, is constant for any finite region of the field of any given density, governs the rate of conformation.  Thus, an ambient field surface moving very slowly through a radial array will experience more bending than a wave moving very fast, which in itself, clearly accounts for Fitzgerald's relativistic foreshortening.

    In the case of an earth moving through a field, all conforming field surfaces will quickly move from their undisturbed position at A (previous illustration), through positions B and C, but then find that they will slow down a great deal traveling through the body of the earth and atmosphere included, only to resume their rapid acceleration away from the earth as they pass through positions E and F, before rejoining the field.  Ostensibly, earth's passage is sweeping the field by bringing field surfaces to itself, where they congregate in much greater density than they would if the earth were to be at rest.  The faster the earth goes, the more surfaces held by it;  a form of mass increase with increasing speed.  Even if surfaces did not undergo this effect, the same would be true.  Essentially, the faster an object goes, the greater number of surfaces can be associated to it in time, thus the greater the mass.  Mass then, is proportional to the number of surfaces which are associated with and pass through an object during a fixed interval of time.
    Throughout the field, simple waves are moving in every direction.   As they skip from surface to surface, they experience no change in speed, nor is there any friction to the system, so once waves are moving at a certain speed, this speed remains invariant.  Also, when these waves undergo self-convolution, the maximum speed before self-convolution is retained as the maximum speed after convolution, so even with convolution, the system speed remains invariant.
    As the earth moves through the field at a relatively slow orbital speed around the sun, it is bombarded from all sides by field waves, which are probably really traveling at the speed of light:  the invariant system speed associated with simple waves.  Also, all surfaces moving in association with the earth's field effect are likewise being bombarded.  At slow speeds, this does not matter, in that there would be little pronounced effect.  At higher speeds, something else happens.
    Now it is not that surfaces cannot move fast. They can move very fast.  They have no intrinsic mass.  If it were possible to whip a surface back and forth, even at extreme distances, there would be no impediment to this action.

    At very high speeds, all surfaces in association with the moving earth will experience a lower frequency of waves striking from behind than from ahead.  If the earth is traveling at a speed equivalent to the average speed of all simple waves within a finite region of the field, exceptionally few waves should arrive from behind, creating a severe imbalance between bombardments for and aft.  Because the impact of each simple wave against a surface leaves that surface displaced 1/2 h in the direction of wave travel, a surface will tend to not be able to make headway through the field if already traveling near optimum speed.
    Viewed from an earth-at-rest perspective, all surfaces passing through the earth from any and all directions, experience this  bombardment of field waves pushing each surface from both sides;  a sort of compressional stress.  Once these surfaces begin to move across the field, does this stress become imbalanced, leading to a general impediment to forward progress which overcomes all forward motion as that motion reaches 100% system optimum.

    For those surfaces both approaching and leaving the earth, which are moving much faster than the earth, is this effect even more pronounced, thus slowing them down even more so, thus causing a distortion or flattening of the array and all surfaces associated with it.
    Three things become evident.  As the earth goes faster, it acquires more field surfaces, suggesting mass increase.  At an exceptionally high rate of speed, a universal field exertion opposite to the direction of motion reaches maximum at a speed matching the system optimum, and lastly, a flattening of shape along the axis of motion occurs at exceptionally high speeds.
 

*In this example, the equations of transformation are:

    x' = B(x-ut)
    y' = y
    z' = z
    t' = B(t-ux/c²), where B = (1-u²/c²)^-1/2, of the expression:

        x² + y² + z² - (ct)² = 0, representing the outward moving spherical wave front of light emanated at the origin of x, y, z at t₀.

    Essentially what we have is the transformation of a rigid Cartesian coordinate system of three orthogonal spatial axes and a time axis into another identical coordinate system in motion and displaced from the first, the observers themselves being unessential.
        As the frontals continue continue moving through and behind the array, they move into a region of greater differential in the condition position and curvature is reached, causing them to change in larger jumps, creating a depletion region behind the array symetrical to and equivalent to the one ahead of the array.
    Generally speaking and as a matter of cursory examination, this conforming process both before and aft of the array's direction as it moves through the field is roughly equivalent to twenty times the array's diameter.
    For an array representative of small field configuration, such as a dual-wave radial, these dimensions are not well defined and are fuzzy, in contrast to an array representative of the earth, being well defined at the earth's surface.
    In all cases, the decrease in field density directly for and aft of a moving array shows up as an increase in the number of surfaces in the interior of the array.  Clearly, the faster an array is moving through the field, the greater the density is in its interior.
    Ostensibly, if the array's speed throught the field is infinitely great, then the density at it interior would also be infinitely great.  From relativistic considerations, where the speed of light marks the maximum speed of this kind of an array, other factors must come into play, such as restricted process rate.
    Ideally, all geometric actions occur either instantaneously, or without delay.  Arguably though, the process of interchange completes itself over a duration of many sequential moments, each of which is instantaneous.  Thus the completion of conformation cannot happen instantaneously, and though the speed of the array through the field is directly proportional to the frequency in occurrence of each conformation process, an overlapping of these individual process between any given frontal and the array's radials would approach saturation.

   Everyone knows that the pendulum's swing at the north pole does not follow the rotation of the earth, but remains fixed to the celestial sphere, in complete contradiction to quantum physics, relativity and the Standard Model;  something that Ernst Mach speculated over a century ago;  before these modern offshoots of classical physics.
        "What is the frame of reference in which centrifugal and Coriolis forces vanish, the frame where Newton's laws work? Observationally, we find that this Newtonian or inertial frame is one in which the distant galaxies are not rotating. But if we removed everything in the universe except the earth, how would we know if the earth were turning or not? How would the pendulum know whether to precess or not? Or, to put the question formally, is it just a coincidence that the frame in which the distant galaxies do not rotate is an inertial frame? Ernst Mach thought not, and speculated that the distant stars must somehow affect inertia (Mach's Principle), but no-one has yet come up with a successful and elegant theory. The recent cosmological hypothesis of the inflationary universe offers hope of a different resolution: if the universe expanded exceedingly rapidly in its early phase, any initial rotation will have slowed down correspondingly and so the distant objects have almost no rotation".   -Wikipedia Relativity Site.